Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Respiratory functions in thalassemia major TM patients concerning poor chelation are a frequently researched issue. Our study aims to evaluate the lung functions of our patients with TM in the chronic transfusion program and to correlate them with their age, ferritin levels, and pre-transfusion hemoglobin values. Height, weight, pulmonary function test PFT results, pre-transfusion hemoglobin levels, and ferritin levels of 97 patients 55 boys and 42 girls without any underlying cardiac or chronic respiratory disease were recorded. Low PEF was observed in 62 patients PFT was affected in 75 patients The pattern of involvement was restrictive. Serum ferritin has only an effect on MEF in our study. The respiratory functions of TM patients were affected in a restrictive pattern. Although iron accumulation is blamed in the pathophysiology, only a weak negative correlation was found between MEF and ferritin. Thalassemia major TM is one of the most common autosomal recessive hemoglobinopathies. The disease causes lifelong transfusion-dependent anemia. The basic pathophysiology of the disease depends on 1 severe anemia, 2 ineffective erythropoiesis and its consequences, and 3 iron accumulation in tissues due to chronic transfusion. The curative treatment is stem cell transplantation [ 1 ]. It is known that many target organs are damaged as a result of the mechanisms mentioned above in patients with TM. Excess iron in the body remains in the form of non-transferrin-bound iron. This unstable iron is the predominant form of iron that causes tissue damage [ 2 ]. The organs where tissue damage is most evident are the heart, liver, Ps Experience Escort Girls endocrine organs. Cardiac complications are the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in TM [ 3 ]. Many studies have also shown that lung functions are affected in patients with TM [ 4 — 9 ]. The etiology of this condition Ps Experience Escort Girls not be attributed to a single cause and is considered multifactorial. Like the involvement of other organ systems, pathology in the lung primarily results from tissue damage due to iron overload. However, chronic hypoxia is also responsible [ 10 ]. In the foreground, it has Ps Experience Escort Girls shown that the lung is affected in a restrictive pattern. The fact that this effect is more common in patients with a higher ferritin value suggests that this may be due to iron accumulation in the lung tissue. Studies in adult TM patients suggest lung fibrosis and interstitial edema due to iron overload is the leading cause of pulmonary dysfunction [ 11 ]. Pulmonary functions in TM can manifest as restrictive patterns [ 611 ]. Some studies have also reported that pulmonary dysfunction may be due to inadequate anatomical and functional lung development in early infancy in patients with TM. An increase in vital capacity and expiratory reserve volume is expected in TM patients after splenectomy [ 12 ]. Respiratory functions in TM patients concerning poor chelation are a frequently researched issue in societies where thalassemia is common. The data of patients with TM who were in the regular transfusion and chelation program at a local thalassemia center were reviewed retrospectively. All patients were receiving transfusions regularly every three weeks. Patients diagnosed with chronic lung disease and asthma, receiving bronchodilator therapy, acute respiratory tract infection, or inadequate spirometry compliance were excluded from the study. Before the test, the patients were given training. Spirometry was performed while patients were in the upright position. During the test, the patient was accompanied by competent health personnel. PFTs were performed on the day the patient was supposed to receive a transfusion but before the transfusion. The saturation of each patient was measured before PFT. PFT values were compared with predicted values age, sex, and height and expressed as a percentage of predicted average values. Reference standards for Turkish children [ 1314 ] were used to interpret the estimated values for spirometry indices.
Li et al. We did not administer a standardized test such as SCID to identify possible psychiatric disorders, which is a further limitation of our study. In this study, the control group consisted of participants who, according to their own self-reporting, had no psychiatric disorders. Reproductive and sexual functions in bipolar patients: Data from a specialized mood disorder clinic. Social and reproductive lives of women with bipolar disorder: A descriptive study from Turkey. Trevillion et al.
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